The Little Match Girl: Literary Style (Symbolism and Irony)
Irony
The Little Match Girl makes effective use of irony. It is ironical that the little match girl freezes to death just outside houses which are well-heated and in which feasts are underway.
Symbolism
As with many fairy tales, the story has several symbols.
The cold weather is a symbol of the hardship endured by the little girl. It could also be seen as a symbol of the cold attitude of the society towards the poor.
The matchsticks are also highly symbolic. On a regular day, they are just a source of income for the girl and her family. But that night, as the girl sits huddled up, they are a major source of comfort and hope. It is in the flame from the matchsticks that they girl sees images of warmth, happiness and love.
The iron stove, the Christmas tree and the roast goose symbolise the girl's deepest desires- a comfortable life, a loving family and good food.
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