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Precis writing ( Comprehension) ICSE English Language Format and guidelines 

Transformation of Sentences : Do as Directed : Everything you need to know- all at one place : Part A: The Basics For     Part B   : Exercises: ICSE/ISC pattern "Do as Directed": Click here 👇 https://novakidhs.blogspot.com/2022/01/do-as-directed-icse-english-language.html Part A: The Basics: If you're just starting out with the topic or want to revise the basic set of rules, please go through this part first before moving to the exercises:- Interchange of Parts of Speech Transformation of Sentence: The Basics:  http://novakidhs.blogspot.com/2022/03/interchange-of-parts-of-speech.html Degree of Adjectives Transformation of Sentence: The Basics:  http://novakidhs.blogspot.com/2022/03/degree-of-adjectives-transformation-of.html Assertive, Interrogative & Exclamatory:  http://novakidhs.blogspot.com/2022/03/assertive-interrogative-exclamatory.html Affirmative & Negative Transformation of Sentence: (The Basics):  http://novakidhs.blogspot.com/2022/0...

Transformation of Sentences: Miscellaneous Examples In a series of guides we have already covered various kinds of transformation of Sentences. Now, in this final guide of this series, we are going to learn the miscellaneous transformation examples which are not covered in the previous guides. Here we go. Begin: ‘But for’ (means ‘without’) If people had not been generous, many would have died of hunger. –  But for  the generosity of people, many would have died of hunger. If she hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t succeed. –  But for  her help, I wouldn’t succeed. Subject-verb concord All  the students  were  given a gift. (begin: ‘Each’) –  Each  of the students  was  given a gift. The principal and the teachers  were  (Use: ‘as well as’) – The principal as well as the teachers  was  happy. Begin: Had (meaning ‘if’) The inspector fired when challenged. – Had they not challenged him, the inspector would not have fired. ...

Transformation of Sentence: Direct & Indirect Speech A direct speech can be transformed into an indirect speech and vice versa using a suitable reporting verb and a linker depending on the sentence. Let’s have an example first. Tina said to me, “Are you busy now?” [direct speech] Tina asked me whether I was busy then. [indirect speech] Direct Speech Speaker Reporting verb Direct speech Tina said “Are you busy now?” Indirect Speech Speaker Reporting verb Linker Reported Speech Tina asked whether I was busy then. Look, if the reporting verb in direct speech (said) is in past tense, the reporting verb in indirect speech (asked) would also be in past tense. ‘Whether’ is the linker added here as it is a ‘yes-no’ type question (Refer to list 1 below). ‘Are’ changes to ‘was’. As the reporting verb was in past tense, the verb in the reported speech will also be in past. (Refer to list 2 below) ‘Now’ has become ‘then’. Time and place expressions change if the reporting verb is in past tense...

Transformation of Sentence: Active & Passive Voice Interchange of active and passive voice is something that we see every now and then in any “transformation of sentence” or “do as directed” grammar test like in the ICSE exams. Here in this guide, we are going to learn the various rule sets for changing a sentence from active voice to passive voice and vice versa. Verb forms in Active and Passive Voice Active → Passive Present Simple  — verb1  →  am/is/are + Verb3 Present Continuous  — am/is/are + verb+ing  →  am/is/are + being + verb3 Present Perfect  — has / have + verb3  →  has/have + been + verb3 Past Simple  — verb2  →  was/were + verb3 Past Continuous  — was/were + verb+ing  →  was/were + being + verb3 Past Perfect  — had + verb3  →  had been + verb3 Future Simple  — shall/will + verb1  →  shall/will + be + verb3 Future Perfect  — shall/will + have + verb3  →...

Transformation of Sentence: Interchange of Parts of Speech You surely already know there are eight parts of speech in the English language. Out of the eight parts of speech only noun, verb, adjective and adverb — these four are interchangeable. Pronoun, preposition, conjunction and interjection cannot be transformed in this way. And, in any “transformation of sentence” or “do as directed” grammar exercise, interchange of parts of speech is what you should expect to face quite often. Followings are the kinds of interchanges we commonly see in use — 1. Noun – verb The poet gives an emphasis on this word. – The poet emphasises this word. He gave us advice. – He advised us. He did not get success. – He did not succeed. 2. Noun – adjective In all probability, it will rain today. – It is most probable that it will rain today. The teacher punished the boy for disobedience. – The teacher punished the disobedient boy. 3. Noun – adverb In all probability, he will pass this year. – Most proba...

Transformation of Sentence: Degree of Adjectives **To watch an animated video on changing degree of comparison, click here 👇 Adjectives can be used in three ways in sentences based on their degree of comparison. In any “transformation of sentences” or “do as directed” grammar test, change of degree of adjective is a common question type to face. Let’s pay attention to how the adjective ‘good’ and its two other forms ‘better’ and ‘best’ is being used in the following examples 1. Positive Degree – Rimi is a good student. / No other student in the class is as good as Rimi is. 2. Comparative Degree – Rimi is better than all other students in the class. 3. Superlative Degree – Rimi is the best student in the class. Positive: as + adjective + as Comparative: adjective + than Superlative: the + adjective Comparison between two: (Positive to Comparative and vice versa) Rohit is taller than Mohit. – Mohit is not so tall as Rohit. Rita is as tall as Nita. – Nita is not taller than Rita. Compari...

Transformation of Sentence: Assertive, Interrogative & Exclamatory An assertive sentence is a statement or a declarative sentence. E.g., Rohit is a good student. An interrogative sentence is a ‘yes-no’ or ‘wh’ question. E.g., Are you from India? Or, How can I help you, madam? An exclamatory sentence denotes emotion and ends with an exclamation mark (!). E.g., Hurrah! we have won the match. Assertive to Interrogative sentence and vice versa Assertive to Exclamatory sentence and vice versa 1. Assertive to Interrogative sentence and vice versa We can use “yes-no” type questions and “wh” questions depending on the sentences to make them interrogative without changing the meaning. In the process of transforming an assertive sentence into interrogative and vice versa, an affirmative (positive meaning) sentence generally becomes negative and the negative one becomes affirmative. Using “Yes-No” type questions: It is. – Isn’t it? It is not. – Is it? He can. – Can’t he? No one can do this. –...

Transformation of Sentence: Affirmative & Negative (The Basics) Sentences can be transformed from affirmative (positive) to negative and vice versa in the following ways:- 1. Only – none but Only you deserve to get the promotion. – None but you deserve to get the promotion. Only a fool would think that way. – None but a fool would think that way. 2. As soon as – no sooner than As soon as → No sooner did + Verb1 / No sooner had + Verb3 The comma (,) must be replaced by “than”. As soon as we reached the station, the train arrived. – No sooner did we reach the station than the train arrive. As soon as I reached home,it started raining. – No sooner had I reached home than it started raining.  3. Too…to – so…that too → so to → that + sub + negative She is too weak to walk. – She is so weak that she cannot walk. Yash was too proud to ask for forgiveness. – Yash was so proud that he could not ask for forgiveness. These sums are too easy to need an explanation. – These sums are so easy...

Common Phrasal Verbs meanings with examples : English Language  http://novakidhs.blogspot.com/2022/05/run-phrasal-verbs-prepositions.html PHRASAL VERBS AND VERB COMBINATIONS Some Verbs, followed by Prepositions or Adverbs acquire a new meaning as: They could not bear up (tolerate) with her temper.  We set off (started) for Calcutta early morning. Such verbs are called Phrasal Verbs. Some important phrasal verbs are given below: ACT 1. Act against (act contrary to): Some men act against their own interest. 2. Act for (act in place of): She acted for the Principal for a fortnight.  3. Act upon (obey): I shall act upon your advice. 4. Act up to (act according to): He acted up to his promise. BEAR 1. Bear down (overthrow or crush by force): They were able to bear down all opposition.  2. Bear away (win): She bore away the first prize. 3. Bear up (not to despair): It is not easy to bear up when one is beset with difficulties on all sides.  4. Bear out (support or con...

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words:- 1. Can you come _____ with a better idea? 2. She pointed _____ that the shops would already be closed. 3. I wish I hadn’t taken _____ so much work! 4. I went _____ for dinner with my husband last night. 5. He came ______ the kitchen and made some tea. 6. Where did you grow ______? 7. I’d love to set _____ my own business. 8. I really want to get _____ of this office and go for a walk. 9. As I arrived, he came _____ of the door. 10. She picked _____ some dinner on the way home. 11. Could you find _____ what time we need to arrive? 12. I thought the conference was going to be boring but it turned _____ to be quite useful. 13. What time did you come ______ yesterday? 14. She came _____ of the café and put _____ her gloves. 15. A performance is going _____ at the moment. 16. He got ______ of the car. 17. He went _____ a lot at the weekend, so he’s tired today. 18. Can we set _____ a meeting next week? 19. Would anybody like to t...

  Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Exercise1 1) All ----Ram were present. 2) He was born -----1935. 3) He will see me ------a week. 4) A dog jumped -----the table. 5) They went ----the room. 6) I wrote my award-winning essay _______ this pencil. 7) We will go to Mumbai-----Sunday. 8) He paid the loan ------installments. 9) Oil is sold ----the liter. 10) ------ all his weaknesses, I love him. Answers: 1) But. 2) In. 3) After. 4) Upon. 5) Into. 6) With. 7) On 8) By. 9) By. 10) With/despite Exercise 2 1) Distribute the money -----two brothers. 2) Tajmahal is made -------marbles. 3) Rakesh was sitting ------me. 4) I completed my course -----January. 5) He has been living in Delhi -----1998. 6) He will join our group ----Tuesday. 7) I agree ----you. 8) A frog jumped ------the well. 9) The king was blind ---- his own shortcomings.  Answers:  1) Between 2) Of. 3) Beside. 4) in 5) Since. 6) From...

Format of e-mail and notice writing along with specimens Part A: E-mail Writing Format along with Sample Part B: Notice Writing Format along with Sample Part C: Specimens of e-mail and notice writing* Please stick to the format given in Part A and B . The specimens are there to help you understand what should go into the content of the email or notice. Don't follow the format of these specimens.    Part A: Email Writing  *Click on the images to maximize on screen.  Part B: Notice Writing Format (This is how it should be written in your answer scripts) Part C: Specimens of e-mail and notice writing

Sample essays for ICSE:- (three sample topics with reference solutions) 1) Topic: Of all the subjects that you'r'e studying at present, which one do you think would be the most useful to you in future and why. Chemistry is an incredibly fascinating field of study. Because it is so fundamental to our world, chemistry plays a role in everyone's lives and touches almost every aspect of our existence in some way. Chemistry is essential for meeting our basic needs of food, clothing, shelter, health, energy, and clean air, water, and soil. Chemical technologies enrich our quality of life in numerous ways by providing new solutions to problems in health, materials, and energy usage. Thus, studying chemistry is useful in preparing us for the real world. Chemistry is often referred to as the central science because it joins together physics and mathematics, biology and medicine, and the earth and environmental sciences. Knowledge of the nature of chemicals and chemical processes the...

ICSE English Language Classes 9 & 10 Syllabus There are two papers - English Language and Literature in English. Each of these papers is of two hours duration and 80 marks. Paper 1 - English Language Five questions are set, all of which are compulsory. Question 1 You are required to write a composition of about 300 to 350 words from a choice of subjects which will test their ability to: organise, describe, narrate, report, explain, persuade or argue, present ideas coherently with accuracy and precision, compare and contrast ideas and arrive at conclusions, present relevant arguments and use correct style and format. The subjects are varied and may be suggested by language or by other stimuli such as pictures. The subjects are so chosen so as to allow the candidates to draw on first-hand experience or to stimulate their imagination. With one subject, a number of suggestions about the content of the composition are given, but the use of the suggestions is optional and you are free t...